Abstract: The aim of this work was to investigate the synthesis of tin nanoparticles (NPs) or tin/carbon composite, in room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), that could be used as structured anode materials for Li-ion batteries. An innovative route for the synthesis of Sn nanoparticles in such media was successfully developed. Compositions, structures, sizes and morphologies of NPs were characterized using high-energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM)...